ජර්මානු අධිරාජ්‍යය

German Empire Deutsches Reich  (ජර්මන්)
1871–1918
Flag Coat of arms (1889–1918)
උද්යෝග පාඨය: Gott mit uns (German) Nobiscum Deus (Latin) ("God with us")
ජාතික ගීය: Heil dir im Siegerkranz ("Hail to Thee in the Victor's Crown") Die Wacht am Rhein (unofficial) ("The Watch on the Rhine")
The German Empire in 1914 The German Empire and its occupied territories in the final stage of World War I, September 1918 States of the German Empire
The German colonial empire in 1914
අගනුවර සහ විශාලතම නගරය	Berlin 52°31′7″N 13°22′34″E / 52.51861°N 13.37611°E / 52.51861; 13.37611
නිල භාෂා(ව)	German
පොදු භාෂා(ව)	List Unofficial: Low German, Polish, Danish, Yiddish, Limburgish, Frisian, Sorbian, Sinte Romani, Lithuanian, Kashubian, Swahili, Arabic
ආගම (1880)	Majority: 62.63% Protestant Minorities: 35.89% Roman Catholic 1.24% Judaism 0.17% other Christian 0.07% other
ජාති නාම(ය)	German
රජය	Federal parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy Under a military dictatorship (1916–1918)
Emperor
• 1871–1888	Wilhelm I
• 1888	Friedrich III
• 1888–1918	Wilhelm II
Chancellor
• 1871–1890	Otto von Bismarck
• 1890–1894	Leo von Caprivi
• 1894–1900	C. zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
• 1900–1909	Bernhard von Bülow
• 1909–1917	T. von Bethmann Hollweg
• 1917	Georg Michaelis
• 1917–1918	Georg von Hertling
• 1918	Max von Baden
ව්‍යවස්ථාදායකය	Bicameral
• Upper house	Bundesrat
• Lower house	Reichstag
ඉතිහාසය
• Unification	18 January 1871
• Constitution	16 April 1871
• Berlin Conference	15 November 1884
• World War I began	28 July 1914
• German Revolution	3 November 1918
• Abdication of Kaiser	9 November 1918
• Armistice	11 November 1918
• Weimar Constitution	11 August 1919
වර්ග ප්‍රමාණය
• සම්පූර්ණ	1,750,000 km^2 (680,000 sq mi)
1910	540,857.54 km^2 (208,826.26 sq mi)
ජනගහණය
• ඇස්තමේන්තුව	70,000,000
• 1871	41,058,792
• 1900	56,367,178
• 1910	64,925,993
ව්‍යවහාර මුදල	Until 1873: Vereinsthaler, South German gulden, Bremen thaler, Hamburg mark, French franc German gold mark (1873–1914) German Papiermark (1914–1918)
Preceded by Succeeded by North German Confederation Bavaria Württemberg Baden Hesse Weimar Republic Memel Territory Territory of the Saar Basin Danzig Second Polish Republic
Area and population not including colonial possessions

Founders of the German Empire

Chancellor Otto von Bismarck (pictured in 1873)

Emperor Wilhelm I (pictured ආ. 1870)

Die Proklamation des Deutschen Kaiserreiches by Anton von Werner (1877), depicting the proclamation of Emperor William I (18 January 1871, Palace of Versailles). From left, on the podium (in black): Crown Prince Frederick (later Frederick III), his father the emperor, and Frederick I of Baden, proposing a toast to the new emperor. At centre (in white): Otto von Bismarck, first Chancellor of Germany, Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, Prussian Chief of Staff.

Berlin Palace, the main residence of the House of Hohenzollern

A postage stamp from the Caroline Islands

The German colonial empire and its protectorates in 1914

The Krupp works in Essen, 1890

Tensions between Germany and the Catholic Church hierarchy as depicted in a chess game between Bismarck and Pope Pius IX. Between Berlin and Rome, Kladderadatsch, 1875.

Prussian deportations of ethnic Poles (Polenausweisungen), 1909 painting by Wojciech Kossak

Crime; convicts in relation to the population, 1882–1886

• 
  Different legal systems in Germany prior to 1900
• 
  Fields of law in the Germa

Year of the three emperors

 

Frederick III was emperor for only 99 days (9 March – 15 June 1888)

 

Wilhelm II in 1902

 

The Reichstag in the 1890s / early 1900s

 

Berlin in the late 19th century

 

Bismarck at the Berlin Conference, 1884

 

Flag of the German colonial empire

 

Hoisting of the German flag at Mioko, German New Guinea, in 1884

 

Map of the world showing the participants in World War I. Those fighting on the Entente's side (at one point or another) are depicted in green, the Central Powers in orange, and neutral countries in grey.

 

German troops being mobilized, 1914

 

German Army positions, 1914

 

The Eastern Front at the time of the cease-fire and the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

 

The German Empire during World War I, shortly before its collapse:

  Home Territory (1871–1918)

  Puppet states (1917–1918)

  Occupied territory (1914–1918)

 

The SPD leader Philipp Scheidemann proclaims the republic for Germany from the Reichstag building on 9 November 1918.

 

Coats of arms and flags of the constituent states in 1900

•  
  Administrative map
•  
  Population density (ආ. 1885)
•  
  Election constituencies for the Reichstag
•  
  Detailed map in 1893 with cities and larger towns

 

Percentage of linguistic minorities of the German Empire in 1900 by Kreis

වෙනත් ජාතීන්ගේ ව්‍යාප්තිය

•  
  Danish
•  
  Dutch
•  
  Frisian
•  
  Polish
•  
  Czech (and Moravian)
•  
  Masurian
•  
  Kashubian
•  
  Sorbian
•  
  French
•  
  Walloon
•  
  Italian
•  
  Lithuanian
•  
  non-German

 

Emperor Wilhelm II, who was the Supreme Governor of the Evangelical Church of Prussia's older Provinces, and Empress Augusta Victoria after the inauguration of the Evangelical Church of the Redeemer in Jerusalem (Reformation Day, 31 October 1898)

•  
  Distribution of Protestants and Catholics in Imperial Germany
•  
  Distribution of Protestants, Catholics and Jews in Imperial Germany (Meyers Konversationslexikon)
•  
  යුදෙව් ජනගහනය

•  
  මහා අධිරාජ්‍ය රාජ්‍ය ලාංඡනය
•  
  මධ්‍යම රාජ්‍ය ලාංඡනය
•  
  කුඩා රාජ්‍ය ලාංඡනය

 

යුධ ධජය

 

නූතන ජර්මනිය ලා පැහැයෙන්ද ජර්මන් අධිරාජ්‍යයෙන් අහිමි වූ භූමිය තද පැහැයෙන්ද පෙන්වයි.

1. Seyler, Gustav A. Die Wappen der deutschen Landesfürsten. Reprograf. Nachdr. von Siebmacher's Wappenbuch 1. Bd., 1. Abt. 2. – 5. Teil (Nürnberg 1909 – 1929) (ජර්මන් බසින්).
2. Preble, George Henry, History of the Flag of the United States of America: With a Chronicle of the Symbols, Standards, Banners, and Flags of Ancient and Modern Nations, 2nd ed, p. 102; A. Williams and co, 1880
3. Fischer, Michael; Senkel, Christian (2010). Tanner, Klaus (ed.). Reichsgründung 1871: Ereignis, Beschreibung, Inszenierung. Münster: Bachmann Verlag.
4. Hansen, Hans Jürgen (1978). Heil Dir im Siegerkranz: die Hymnen der Deutschen. Oldenburg, Hamburg: Stalling. ISBN 3-7979-1950-6.
5. Klaiber, Adelheid. "Max Schneckenburger (1819–1849)–der Dichter der "Wacht am Rhein". SCHRIFTEN DER BAAR. p. 165. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 9 සැප්තැම්බර් 2023.
6. Ochsmann, Almut. "100 Jahre deutsche Nationalhymne: Überlegungen zu Eine vaterländische Ouvertüre op. 140." Mitteilungen der Internationalen Max-Reger-Gesellschaft 3.42 (2022): 18–23.
7. "Establishment of the North German Confederation". Encyclopædia Britannica. 20 සැප්තැම්බර් 2022 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 17 සැප්තැම්බර් 2022.
8. Nipperdey, Thomas, "Deutsche Geschichte 1866–1918: Zweiter Band: Machtstaat vor der Demokratie" (1995), p. 98–108.
9. Röhl, John C. G. "Kaiser Wilhelm II: A Concise Life" (2014), p. 172–173.
10. Haardt, Oliver F. R. (2016). "The Kaiser in the Federal State, 1871–1918". German History. 34 (4): 529–554. doi:10.1093/gerhis/ghw117. ISSN 0266-3554.
11. Wheeler-Bennett, John (1967). The Nemesis of Power The German Army in Politics 1918–1945. London: Macmillan. pp. 13–14. ISBN 978-1-4039-1812-3.
12. Statement of Abdication of Wilhelm II
13. "German Empire: administrative subdivision and municipalities, 1900 to 1910" (ජර්මන් බසින්). 26 දෙසැම්බර් 2018 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 25 අප්‍රේල් 2007.
14. "Population statistics of the German Empire, 1871" (ජර්මන් බසින්). 5 අප්‍රේල් 2007 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 25 අප්‍රේල් 2007.